Questões de concursos sobre "Substantivos contáveis e incontáveis | Countable and uncountable" | Inglês - página 1

TEXT 1 below,
retrieved and adapted from https://chroniclingamerica.
loc.gov/lccn/sn83035487/1851-06-21/ed-1/seq-4/ on
July 9th, 2018.

Text 1 

                    Women’s rights convention – Sojourner Truth

      One of the most unique and interesting
speeches of the convention was made by Sojourner
Truth, an emancipated slave. It is impossible to
transfer it to paper or convey any adequate idea of the
effect it produced upon the audience. Those only can
appreciate it who saw her powerful form, her whole-souled,
earnest gesture, and listened to her strong and
truthful tones. She came forward to the platform and
addressing the President said with great simplicity:
      "May I say a few words?" Receiving an
affirmative answer, she proceeded: I want to say a few
words about this matter. I am a woman's rights. I have
as much muscle as any man and can do as much work
as any man. I have plowed and reaped and husked
and chopped and mowed, and can any man do more
than that? I have heard much about the sexes being
equal. I can carry as much as any man, and can eat
as much too, if I can get it. I am as strong as any man
that is now. As for intellect, all I can say is, if a woman
has a pint, and a man a quart -- why can't she have
her little pint full? You need not be afraid to give us our
rights for fear we will take too much; -- for we can't take
more than our pint will hold. The poor men seem to be
all in confusion, and don't know what to do. Why
children, if you have woman's rights, give it to her and
you will feel better. You will have your own rights, and
they won't be so much trouble. I can't read, but I can
hear. I have heard the bible and have learned that Eve
caused man to sin. Well, if a woman upset the world,
do give her a chance to set it right side up again. The
Lady has spoken about Jesus, how he never spurned
woman from him, and she was right. When Lazarus
died, Mary and Martha came to him with faith and love
and besought him to raise their brother. And Jesus
wept and Lazarus came forth. And how came Jesus
into the world? Through God who created him and the
woman who bore him. Man, where was your part? But
the women are coming up blessed be God and a few
of the men are coming up with them. But man is in a
tight place, the poor slave is on him, woman is coming
on him, he is surely between a hawk and a buzzard.

Reference: Robinson, M. (1851, June 21). Women’s
rights convention: Sojourner Truth. Anti-slavery Bugle, vol. 6
no. 41, Page 160.

Question must be answered by looking at the following sentence from Text 1:
 

“May I say a few words?”


 
 We may keep the sentence grammatically correct
by substituting “words” for:

Consider the statements below:

I. The plural of the word ‘beauty’ (l.40) follows the same rule that explains the formation of the plural form ‘displays’ (l.24).
II. The plural of ‘crisis’ (l.05) is made by dropping ‘is’ and adding ‘es’.
III. The rule that explains the formation of ‘values’ (l.30) and ‘pages’ (l.13) is the same.

Which ones are correct? 

 Which word is not plural? 

TEXT III
Use of language in diplomacy
What language should one use when speaking to diplomats, or
what language should diplomats use? Or, to be more precise,
what language/languages should a (young) diplomat try to learn
to be more successful in his profession? 
The term "language in diplomacy" obviously can be interpreted in
several ways. First, as tongue ("mother" tongue or an acquired
one), the speech "used by one nation, tribe, or other similar large
group of people"; in this sense we can say, for example,
that French used to be the predominant diplomatic language in
the first half of the 20th century. Second, as a special way of
expressing the subtle needs of the diplomatic profession; in this
way it can be said, for example, that the delegate of such-andsuch
a country spoke of the given subject in totally nondiplomatic
language. Also, the term can refer to the particular
form, style, manner or tone of expression; such as the minister
formulated his conditions in unusually strong language. It may
mean as well the verbal or non-verbal expression of thoughts or
feelings: sending the gunships is a language that everybody
understands.
All of these meanings - and probably several others - can be
utilised in both oral and written practice. In any of these senses,
the use of language in diplomacy is of major importance, since
language is not a simple tool, vehicle for transmission of
thoughts, or instrument of communication, but very often the
very essence of the diplomatic vocation, and that has been so
from the early beginnings of our profession. That is why from
early times the first envoys of the Egyptian pharaohs,
Roman legates, mediaeval Dubrovnik consuls, etc., had to be
educated and trained people, well-spoken and polyglots.
Let us first look into different aspects of diplomatic language in its
basic meaning - that of a tongue. Obviously, the first problem to
solve is finding a common tongue. Diplomats only exceptionally
find themselves in the situation to be able to communicate in one
language, common to all participants. This may be done between,
for example, Germans and Austrians, or Portuguese and
Brazilians, or representatives of different Arab countries, or
British and Americans, etc. Not only are such occasions rare, but
very often there is a serious difference between the same
language used in one country and another. 
There are several ways to overcome the problem of
communication between people who speak different mother
tongues. None of these ways is ideal. One solution, obviously, is
that one of the interlocutors speaks the language of the other.
Problems may arise: the knowledge of the language may not be
adequate, one side is making a concession and the other has an
immediate and significant advantage, there are possible political
implications, it may be difficult to apply in multilateral diplomacy,
etc. A second possibility is that both sides use a third, neutral,
language. A potential problem may be that neither side possesses
full linguistic knowledge and control, leading to possible bad
misunderstandings. Nevertheless, this method is frequently
applied in international practice because of its political
advantages. A third formula, using interpreters, is also very
widely used, particularly in multilateral diplomacy or for
negotiations at a very high political level - not only for reasons of
equity, but because politicians and statesmen often do not speak
foreign languages. This method also has disadvantages: it is time
consuming, costly, and sometimes inadequate or
straightforwardly incorrect. […] Finally, there is the possibility of
using one international synthetic, artificial language, such as
Esperanto; this solution would have many advantages, but
unfortunately is not likely to be implemented soon, mostly
because of the opposition of factors that dominate in the
international political - and therefore also cultural and linguistic -
scene.
So, which language is the diplomatic one? The answer is not
simple at all […].

Words are bricks from which sentences are made. Each sentence
should be a wound-up thought. If one wants to be clear, and
particularly when using a language which he does not master
perfectly, it is better to use short, simple sentences. On the
contrary, if one wishes to camouflage his thoughts or even not
say anything specific, it can be well achieved by using a more
complicated style, complex sentences, digressions, interrupting
one's own flow of thought and introducing new topics. One may
leave the impression of being a little confused, but the basic
purpose of withholding the real answer can be accomplished.
(adapted from http://www.diplomacy.edu/books/language_and_
diplomacy/texts/pdf/nick.PDF)

The word that forms the plural in the same way as “fora” in “The
United States and Brazil are also advancing human rights issues in
bilateral and multilateral fora” is: 

Read text II and answer the question:


Text II




The pronunciation of the plural ending in “tablets" (line 3) is
similar to that in 

Read text II and answer the question:


Text II




The only word that can be used before “chalk" is 

Read the text below.


                                      What is hunger?

      Acute hunger or starvation are often highlighted on TV
screens: hungry mothers too weak to breastfeed their children in
drought-hit Ethiopia, refugees in war-torn Syria queuing for food
rations, helicopters airlifting high energy biscuits to earthquake
victims in Haiti or Pakistan.


      These situations are the result of high profile crises like
war or natural disasters, which starve a population of food. Yet
emergencies account for less than eight percent of hunger's
victims.


      Daily undernourishment is a less visible form of hunger –
but it affects many more people, from the shanty towns of
Jakarta in Indonesia and the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh to
the mountain villages of Bolivia and Nepal. In these places,
hunger is much more than an empty stomach.


      For weeks, even months, its victims must live on
significantly less than the recommended 2,100 kilocalories that
the average person needs to lead a healthy life.


      The body compensates for the lack of energy by slowing
down its physical and mental activities. A hungry mind cannot
concentrate, a hungry body does not take initiative, a hungry
child loses all desire to play and study.


      Hunger also weakens the immune system. Deprived of the
right nutrition, hungry children are especially vulnerable and  become too weak to fight off disease and may die from common
infections like measles and diarrhea. Each year, almost 7 million
children die before reaching the age of five; malnutrition is a key
factor in over a third of these deaths



                            (Source: Levels and Trends in Child Mortality,
IGME, 2012 in http://www.wfp.org).



 Read the following extract, taken from the text, to answer question .

                               “[_] hungry children are especially vulnerable [...]”.  
 
 

Choose the noun that has an irregular plural as the word
“children”. 

Which word is not plural?

Among the words listed below, the only one which forms the plural by adding an “s” is

Choose the only correct sentence, as far as the word INFORMATION is concerned.