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Experts Try to Gauge Health Effects of Gulf Oil Spill
                                          Wednesday, June 23, 2010

WEDNESDAY, June 23 (HealthDay News) - This
Tuesday and Wednesday, a high-ranking group of
expert government advisors is meeting to outline and
anticipate potential health risks from the Gulf oil spill -
and find ways to minimize them.

The workshop, convened by the Institute of
Medicine (IOM) at the request of the U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services, will not issue any
formal recommendations, but is intended to spur
debate on the ongoing spill.
“We know that there are several contaminations.

We know that there are several groups of people —
workers, volunteers, people living in the area," said
Dr. Maureen Lichtveld, a panel member and professor
and chair of the department of environmental health
sciences at Tulane University School of Public Health
and Tropical Medicine in New Orleans. “We're going
to discuss what the opportunities are for exposure and
what the potential short- and long-term health effects
are. That's the essence of the workshop, to look at
what we know and what are the gaps in
High on the agenda: discussions of who is most
at risk from the oil spill, which started when BP's
Deepwater Horizon rig exploded and sank in the Gulf
of Mexico on April 20, killing 11 workers. The spill has
already greatly outdistanced the 1989 Exxon Valdez
spill in magnitude.

“Volunteers will be at the highest risk," one panel
member, Paul Lioy of the University of Medicine &
Dentistry of New Jersey and Rutgers University,
stated at the conference. He was referring largely to
the 17,000 U.S. National Guard members who are
being deployed to help with the clean-up effort.

Many lack extensive training in the types of
hazards — chemical and otherwise — that they'll be
facing, he said. That might even include the poisonous
snakes that inhabit coastal swamps, Lioy noted. Many
National Guard members are “not professionally
trained. They may be lawyers, accountants, your
next-door neighbor," he pointed out.

Seamen and rescue workers, residents living
in close proximity to the disaster, people eating fish
and seafood, tourists and beach-goers will also face
some risk going forward, Dr. Nalini Sathiakumar, an
occupational epidemiologist and pediatrician at the
University of Alabama at Birmingham, added during
the conference.

Many of the ailments, including nausea, headache
and dizziness, are already evident, especially in
clean-up workers, some of whom have had to be
hospitalized.
“Petroleum has inherent hazards and I would
say the people at greatest risk are the ones actively
working in the region right now," added Dr. Jeff
Kalina, associate medical director of the emergency
department at The Methodist Hospital in Houston. “If
petroleum gets into the lungs, it can cause quite a bit
of damage to the lungs [including] pneumonitis, or
inflammation of the lungs."

“There are concerns for workers near the source.
They do have protective equipment on but do they
need respirators?" added Robert Emery, vice president
for safety, health, environment and risk management
at the University of Texas Health Science Center at
Houston.

Physical contact with volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) and with solvents can cause skin problems
as well as eye irritation, said Sathiakumar, who noted
that VOCs can also cause neurological symptoms
such as confusion and weakness of the extremities.
“Some of the risks are quite apparent and some
we don't know about yet," said Kalina. “We don't know
what's going to happen six months or a year from
now."
Copyright (c) 2010 HealthDay. All rights reserved.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_...,
retrieved on September 9th, 2010.

In replacing the word “if" in the sentence “If petroleum gets into the lungs, it can cause quite a bit of damage to the lungs [including] pneumonitis, or inflammation of the lungs." (lines 57-60), the linking element that would significantly change the meaning expressed in the original is

Mark the alternative which is equivalent to: "Had I stopped" in the sentence below: 

"Had I stopped at the red light, I wouldn´t have been involved in the accident."

Gibson's statement "If we just stopped burning coal the lights would go out. Period." (lines 9-10) means that

Choose the best alternative to complete the sentence: 

If I_____you I_____to your daughter seriously. 

Security: UAC Gets Tolerable

Let's talk about User Account Control ? the Windows
Vista security element that was a prominent example for
everything that bothered people about that OS. UAC aimed to
prevent rogue software from tampering with your PC by
endlessly prompting you to approve running applications or
changing settings. The experience was so grating that many
users preferred to turn UAC [PARTICLE] and [VERB] their
chances with Internet attackers. Those who left it active risked
slipping into the habit of incautiously clicking through every
prompt, defeating whatever value the feature might have had.

Whereas Vista's notorious User Account Control gave
users no control over the feature other than to turn it off,
Windows 7's version of UAC lets users choose from two
intermediate notification levels between 'Always notify' and
'Never notify'.

Windows 7 gives you control over UAC, in the form of a
slider containing four security settings. As before, you can
accept the full-blown UAC or elect to disable it. But you can also
tell UAC to notify you only when software changes Windows
settings, not when you're tweaking them yourself. And you can
instruct it not to perform the abrupt screen-dimming effect that
Vista's version uses to grab your attention.

If Microsoft had its druthers, all Windows 7 users [TO
USE] UAC in full-tilt mode: The slider that you use to ratchet
back its severity advises you not to do so if you routinely install
new software or visit unfamiliar sites, and it warns that disabling
the dimming effect is "Not recommended."  , Redmond: I
have every intention of recommending the intermediate settings
to most people who ask me for advice, since those settings
retain most of UAC's theoretical value without driving users
bonkers.

(Adapted from
http://www.pcworld.com/article/172602/windows_7_review.html)


A forma correta de [TO USE] no texto é

Choose the verb that completes the sentence correctly, according to the text: 

“If you __________ the voltage of the electrical outlet you are using, you should contact your local power company”.